Hamlet Act III Sc iii Essay -- Essays Papers

Hamlet Act III Sc iii This scene is a dramatic peak in which both Claudius and Hamlet acknowledge their respective dilemmas. The King faces the question of how to repent and so save himself, at least, from spiritual damnation. Hamlet’s theological problem with killing Claudius becomes yet another hurdle and he becomes increasingly trapped by his own indecision. Claudius makes his first admission of regicide in this soliloquy. He uses disease imagery, continuing the motif, heightening our awareness of the terrible thing he has done. The King refers to the ‘primal eldest curse’, an allusion to the Biblical story of Cain and Abel. This parallel is apt, not only because they were brothers, it represents a terrible sin against God -- in this case because the natural order has been violated. There is no evidence to suggest Claudius was particularly pious prior to this crime, but the need for Grace in the eyes of God would have been very important to him. Ironically he is unable to pray, for forgiveness, because his ‘stronger guilt defeats my [Claudius’] strong intent’. His intent could also be his original desire for kingship, meaning that his guilt is so severe he can’t appreciate the rewards. Curiously the strength of his language, regarding his crime, is only matched by Hamlet. Claudius is under pressure, both from his conscience and Hamlet’s cloak of madness which threatens to unmask him. Just prior to this soliloquy he was arranging for the removal of Hamlet to England...

Research Study on Gender Bias in Education Essay

These instructions were used as a form of deception to prove my hypothesis. My hypothesis was that women would be more affected by this deception than would the men. My results proved otherwise. Results showed there was little difference in the way the women and men performed on these tests on either version. The ANOVA testing showed these clear results. Does Performance Reflect Success? Gender biases are present in the American culture. Women are put in a stereotype as the one to stay at home cleaning and cooking while men are believed to have to bring home the paychecks. How we live though is not the only area with gender biases. There are biases when it comes to sports, who can do what jobs and even education. Women are believed to be better at the education aspects having to do with words and comprehension while men are believed to be better at numbers or math. In the research world there is much controversy on whether the bias presented is true or not. Researchers have not been able to support this belief or disregard it due to the many conflicting results. A study done with the purpose of determining whether gender expectations still exist in present time, resulted in the idea that more and more genders are becoming equal in education (Jordan 2008). It was found that both sexes are more likely than ever to complete their high school education and even be able to obtain higher degree. The study also showed the gender gap in scores on the National Association of Education Progress becoming more and more narrow over time. Jordan does not refute the idea of gender bias in education but supported the idea that it is diminishing. These two researchers on the other hand, Fisher (2008) and Johnston (2005), have studies supporting their beliefs that gender biases in teaching are simply a myth. Both constructed research to support the idea that neither females nor males perform differently according to gender expectation or that these gender expectations are implemented at all. Fisher more, specifically, researching in math and Johnston in math and education. Chapman (2012) and Goetz (1996) though, both have studies that seem to prove otherwise. Chapman conducted a study, in Canada, which lead to the belief that gender discrepancies in teaching and education focus more positively on females. Chapman believes males are the ones taking losses in education expectancies. Goetz on the other hand, researched and came up with results which led him to believe American educators focus their attention more on males allowing them a positive advantage. After learning so much from previous research it can be accurately inferred that the gender bias in education does exist. A psychologist, Ghandi (2006) stated in his study the truth behind the bias. He used this truth to conduct a study in which he found that women not only believe the bias but are subject to it when they are told they will fail due to their gender. This particular study is what laid down the foundation for my research study. All of the above researchers knew the biased existed and all tried to support it or disprove it. This research project has one purpose; to find out not if gender biases exist but whether women are affected by these gender based expectations more than men. In many colleges and universities women are very comfortable with their gender; they are powerful, and successful. There are clubs devoted to women’s sexuality, success, and even fashion senses. There are awards given to women who have gotten superior grades, been offered great jobs, or are simply a success. Knowing this, what I want to learn is whether these women who are so highly praised and allowed the same success as men are still subjects to gender based expectations, more specifically in learning and education. In my study I will be deceiving the participants into thinking that only women will be successful in this study or to another group I will be saying only men will be successful. The way this will be done is by using simple high school level math tests. Before he test I will be falsely informing half of my participants (equal number of females and males) that only men will pass this test, and then I will repeat this with the other half of my participants but falsely informing them of the opposite. The fact that I will play on women’s vulnerability will allow me to learn whether these very empowered and successful women will still be so after being told th ey will fail before even trying. My hypothesis is that these women will be affected by such a statistic and depending on the false statistic they get, they will fulfill it. Methods Participants Forty eight undergraduate volunteers (24 males and 24 females) from Bryant University took part in this study. The average age of participants was recorded at 20. 22 years (SD=1. 13). No cultural or ethnic backgrounds were recorded. With help from different psychology professors a general description was given out within psychology classes and volunteers were recruited. To these participants in particular extra credit was allotted. The rest of the participants were recruited through word of mouth and e-mail in which they were once again given a general description of the study and asked whether they would be willing to volunteer. Each participant was tested individually and required approximately 15 minutes to complete study. Materials The study consisted of participants completing a standardized math test, four survey questions, and a deceptive article which can all be found in the appendix. The math test was found in an SAT math test practice site. This math test worked as the channel for the dependent variable (result on the test). The survey questions asked were simply used for collecting information. The questions did not ask sensitive information or anything that would put any participant at risk. Finally, the short article was written by myself and is completely fictional. It falsely informed the participants on information regarding SAT tests and reported false statistics on men outperforming women for half of the studies and the opposite for the other half. This was used as the deception part of the research which inconspicuously provided the participant with the independent variable (whether females or males pass this test) Procedures Forty eight students were recruited (24 females and 24 males) from Bryant University as the participants of my study. They were all recruited through psychology classes in which Professors gave a brief overview of what my study entailed and from there proceeded to recruit. The participants recruited in such a manner were rewarded with extra credit points in their class. The rest of the participants were recruited through word of mouth and group e-mails. With each participant recruited I have a brief explanation of what the study was comprised of, what it entailed, and more specifically what each participant would have to contribute. Once I recruited all participants which were necessary I began the research itself. At the start of their participation, each participant was handed a consent for in which they were asked to read thoroughly and if they agreed to the terms and conditions they were to sign and date. In the consent form participants were informed of their ability to leave the study at any time, their entitlement to any information and debriefing, on the confidentiality of the study and many more safety factors. To show the validity of the form I signed and dated on the same page each participant did right in front of them. Each participant agreed to the consent form allowing the study to continue. Once the consent form process was finished I would hand each participant the study packet. At this point they were told that each study was to be completed alone. The packet started off with an article which was entirely false and used to deceive each participant. On it there was made up information on the performance of genders on the SAT test throughout the past years. Each participant was informed that they would not be able to continue with the packet if they did not read these instructions. Once the instructions were read each participant could continue to the next section which consisted of the survey questions. These questions were purely used to collect data for analysis. Once the second part was completed each participant would continue on to the math portion of this study. The math portion of the test was a high school level standardized math test previously tested by college level participants. Each participant completed the math portion and would come to me to hand it in. when each individual would approach me I made sure to let them know the true nature of the study and informed them of the deceit. It was very important that no participant left the study with the false idea of one gender outperforming the other. I made sure each participant was thoroughly debriefed and had any questions they had answered. Results The data were analyzed using an ANOVA with the alpha level set at . 05. The main effect of gender participation was not significant, ? (1,44)=. 12, p=. 73, ? 2=. 003 and the main effect of gender test taking was not significant, ? (1,44)=. 00, p=1. 0, ? 2=. 00. However, the interaction between the gender participation and gender test was marginally significant, ? (1,44)=2. 97, p=. 9, ? 2=. 06. Figure 1 shows a cross-over interaction in which the two variables almost perfectly interact. My hypothesis stated that women’s scores would be more affected by the test gender and the deception then would the men’s. The results of the tests did not vary according to the gender of the participant or gender of the test. My hypothesis was not supported by the above da ta. There was, however, a notable factor in the results and the fact that they were similar in score for both genders. Discussion No significant main effect for test gender or participant gender occurred in this study. When taking a math test right after reading a deceitful article about the tendency of males or females to outperform the opposite sex, neither gender’s score seemed to be affected. This particular result is not what I predicted in my original hypothesis. Straying away from my belief that women would underperform the men once they were deceived into believing they would be outperformed, the results disproved my hypothesis. This outcome is consistent with the research of Fisher (2008) and Johnston (2005) in finding there is no significant gab in the performance of females and males in the subject of math. The results are not consistent though with those findings by Ghandi (2006) a researcher whose findings state that women do poorly on math when they are told their gender is to blame. Some factors which may have led to the inconsistency between my hypothesis and my results can be attributed to the limitation when conducting this research. Being part of such a small university, my research was very limited in the sample size it could use. Three thousand undergraduate students was a small population to choose just forty eight participants from. This also lead to what I believe was a biased sample since each and every participant was also my friend. The fact that the participants had a relationship with me could have caused an over performance level which would not usually happen. Some internal validity which should be looked at was the fact that many variables were simply not recorded. These factors include the race and ethnicity of the participant, whether English was their native language, if they understood the deceiving article in the start, and whether they understood every question asked in the math portion. Another internal validity factor is the way in which data was recorded. If this study were to be repeated, observation should definitely be an alternative way of recording data. There was so much happening as I observed each and every participant complete my study. Participants would get frustrated or smile the whole way through. Sometimes they would try to help each other out when I looked the other way or simply just guessed the answers since they did not want to be taking a math test. Using a standardized that does not give anything in return to these participants, should not have been my only source of data since it was not the best way to find results. Regardless of the limitations, new studies and research in the field of gender differences in education have resulted with outcomes very similar to mine. Although my hypothesis was not supported, the consistency it has with the studies of Fisher (2008) and Johnston (2005) only come to show that this study will be supporting much research in the psychology world. My results will be one more way to support the idea that there is little or no difference in gender performance in math. In addition to replicating my results, future research might extend the finding by examining other subjects in the world of education. Expanding the testing to be possibly in language, critical thinking, sciences and also math may give a better understanding on whether there is a discrepancy in women’s performance when they are told they are going to fail. Future research might also want to expand their sample by moving to younger generations in school, possibly in igh school, and older generations in and out of school. By doing so the outcome may result more accurately and allow a better understanding of the prediction. In conclusion, gender performance on standardized math tests do not have a direct link to the subject or the belief that one gender will outperform the other. After testing 48 participants (24 female and 24 male), giving each the same exact standardized math test but deceiving each to think they would outperform or underperform the opposite sex, no gender seemed to truly outperform. Each gender resulted close to equal. The results did not support my hypothesis but it led the way to a new hypothesis and a completely new approach to this study. References Goetz, J. (1996). In Education Expert: Classroom Gender Bias Persists. Cornell Cronicle. Retrieved from http://www. news. cornell. edu/chronicle/96/4. 25. 96/gender. html. Jordan, J (2008) The Myth of Gender Bias in School. Retrieved March 8, 2012. From http://www. parentdish. com/2008/05/20/the-myth-of-gender-bias-in-school/ Fisher, M (2008) Study: No gender differences in math performance. University of Wisconsin-Madison News. Retrieved from http://www. news. wisc. edu/15412 Johnston, T (2005) No evidence of innate gender differences in math and science, scholars assert. Stanford University News. Retrieved from http://news. stanford. edu/news/2005/february9/math-020905. html Gandhi, U. (2006) Gender bias in math skills doesn’t add up, scientists say. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved from http://www. theglobeandmail. com/news/technology/science/article197902. ece Chapman, A. (2012) Gender bias in education. Research Room. Retrieved from http://www. edchange. org/multicultural/papers/genderbias. html Table 1 Cross over interaction [pic] Appendix Survey questions Male/ Female (circle one) Date of Birth __________ Anticipated graduation year __________ Have you ever taken a standardized test (example: SAT) Math questions (standardized test) http://www. majortests. com/sat/problem-solving-test01 1. Of the following, which is greater than ? ? [pic]A. 2/5 [pic]B. 4/7 [pic]C. 4/9 [pic]D. 5/11 [pic]E. 6/13 2. If an object travels at five feet per second, how many feet does it travel in one hour? [pic]A. 30 [pic]B. 300 [pic]C. 720 [pic]D. 1800 [pic]E. 18000 3. What is the average (arithmetic mean) of all the multiples of ten from 10 to 190 inclusive? [pic]A. 90 [pic]B. 95 [pic]C. 100 [pic]D. 105 pic]E. 110 4. A cubical block of metal weighs 6 pounds. How much will another cube of the same metal weigh if its sides are twice as long? [pic]A. 48 [pic]B. 32 [pic]C. 24 [pic]D. 18 [pic]E. 12 5. In a class of 78 students 41 are taking French, 22 are taking German and 9 students are taking both French and German. How many students are not enrolled in either course? [pic]A. 6 [pic]B. 15 [pic]C. 24 [pic]D. 33 [pic]E. 54 6. If f(x) = Â ¦(x? – 50)Â ¦, what is the value of f(-5) ? [pic]A. 75 [pic]B. 25 [pic]C. 0 [pic]D. -25 [pic]E. -75 7. ( v2 – v3 )? = [pic]A. 5 – 2v6 [pic]B. 5 – v6 [pic]C. 1 – 2v6 [pic]D. 1 – v2 pic]E. 1 8. 230 + 230 + 230 + 230 = [pic]A. 8120 [pic]B. 830 [pic]C. 232 [pic]D. 230 [pic]E. 226 [pic] 9. Amy has to visit towns B and C in any order. The roads connecting these towns with her home are shown on the diagram. How many different routes can she take starting from A and returning to A, going through both B and C (but not more than once through each) and not travelling any road twice on the same trip? [pic]A. 10 [pic]B. 8 [pic]C. 6 [pic]D. 4 [pic]E. 2 [pic] 10. In the figure above AD = 4, AB = 3 and CD = 9. What is the area of triangle AEC ? [pic]A. 18 [pic]B. 13. 5 [pic]C. 9 [pic]D. 4. 5 [pic]E. 3

Domestic Violence And Its Effects On Society - 869 Words

Introduction Our existence can be illustrated by a work of art. As the artist uses their brush, each splash of paint is a sequence of schema’s that are strategically placed on the canvas. Each are needed to cultivate the appropriate psychological, emotional, and physical response. Regrettably, if one splash is too harsh, the painting can be altered, damaged, or destroyed. Comparatively, like the painting, our sense of self is delicately ever changing with each interaction and response to an internal and external factor. A caregiver with a neglectful nature and/or an imbalance of neurotransmitters can impact an individual’s development and overall self-image. Equally, an individual’s experience with domestic violence and its horrific ramifications can also impact a person’s psychological, emotional, physical, and social growth. Domestic Violence Domestic violence, is a virulent calamity that has woven its way into our society for thousands of years. It is not biased to a particular race, group, or culture. Grievously, it has an everlasting negative impact on its victims. Although; adult victims suffer a great amount of pain and anguish, research has shown that children who witness domestic violence undergo neurological, biological, emotional, physical, and social repercussions. According to The Consequences of Witnessing Family Violence on Children and Implications for Family Counselor’s article, there is â€Å"a rough estimate of 17.8 million children who are witnesses ofShow MoreRelatedDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1745 Words   |  7 Pages Domestic Violence in Literature Domestic violence entails transgressions that tend to exhibit regular occurrence worldwide. Domestic violence is substantially attributable to the psychological, physical, mental, and sexual forms of suffering or anguish. Domestic violence further refers to the family violence or spousal abuse that defines the evident pattern of violent behaviors executed by one spouse to the other in the close affiliations that include courtships, matrimony, family, or individualsRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1204 Words   |  5 Pages a.INTRODUCTION Domestic violence is defined as a violent behavior or an act of abuse between couples in the home. It is called family violence. Usually most women are harmed and the witnesses of this violence are also effected. This abuse is frowned upon in todays society. In Chile domestic violence wasn t taken seriously because of the cultural norm which was that men controlled the women. There are many treatments for the abuse but they are only focused on the victim; the one committing theRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1649 Words   |  7 PagesIn America most cases of Domestic Violence are never actually reported, many times these cases go unheard and the victims suffer in silence. The worn out cries of a battered woman as she lays on the ground clutching herself and begging her significant other to just stop. The bruises and cuts that remain unreported due to the victim claiming they accidentally fell yet again. The abusers tend to make the victim almost entirely depend able on them. An abuser will do this to gain control and to createRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1859 Words   |  8 Pagesdoors. Domestic violence kills. The facts are startling; one in every four women will experience domestic violence in her lifetime, and those are just the cases that are reported. In the past weeks, America’s eye has been fixated on the NFL and the Capital Justice Departments prosecution of Adrian Peterson, Ray Rice and Greg Hardy. They were all indicted on allegations of domestic violence and abuse. Each year, another stack of players are arrested, or â€Å"caught† with a history of domestic violenceRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society904 Words   |  4 Pagesout of every four women will go through domestic violence situations in life. (safehorizon.com) Domestic violence is aggressive behavior towards someone else at home or in a relationship. This can happen at home between spouses/partners or parents an d children. Domestic violence should be given more acknowledgment in the media and in classrooms so that people are aware of what is happening. If we do not continue to advocate for victims and educate society, victims will continue to suffer physicallyRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society2241 Words   |  9 PagesDomestic violence, a highly prevalent, almost authorized, legally penalized, almost always hidden heinous crime, has been a matter of concern in many countries. More so in India, as every 2 in 5 women face domestic violence in India and about once every five minutes an incident of domestic violence is reported in India, under its legal definition of cruelty by husband or his relatives. Although it is gender neutral, domestic violence is usually perpetrated against women and hence it becomes essentialRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1360 Words   |  6 Pagesissue of domestic violence. Defined by domesticviolence.org (2012) as a behavi or â€Å"used by one person in a relationship to control the other†, domestic violence can be physical, emotional, sexual, verbal, or even financial. 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It is as much a men’s issue as it is a women’s issue, maybe more so, and can only be effectively addressed if we enlist and encourage the help of familyRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1720 Words   |  7 PagesTo date, although domestic violence has been researched, the law remains a constraint to victims’ growth and stability. The laws and programs provided in today’s society are limited and affect the victims exit from domestic violence relationships. Further research could propel an initiation of better-developed laws and programs and cause a great impact in how victims respond to domestic violence. Few studies have researched how successful domestic violence victims have been with the legal processRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On The Society Essay1699 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Domestic violence is not is not just physical abuse, but is any behavior that is intended to control another person through the use of verbal assaults (*cite*) A huge social issue throughout the world today. Domestic violence is not only limited to spousal abuse but also includes sibling abuse, elder abuse and child abuse. Domestic violence may also be known as family violence, wife or child beating and domestic abuse. (cite) Domestic Violence s a very important social issue throughout

Profile of Child Predator Nathaniel Bar-Jonah

Nathaniel Bar-Jonah was a convicted child predator that was serving a 130-year prison sentence after being found guilty of repeatedly molesting, torturing and attempting to murder children. He was also suspected of killing a child and then disposing of the body through cannibalistic ways that involved his unsuspecting neighbors. Childhood Years Nathaniel Bar-Jonah was born David Paul Brown on February 15, 1957, in Worcester, Massachusetts. As early as age seven, Bar-Jonah demonstrated severe signs of depraved thinking and violence. In 1964, after receiving an Ouija board for his birthday, Bar-Jonah lured a five-year-old girl into his basement and tried to strangle her, but his mother intervened after hearing the child screaming.   In 1970, 13-year-old Bar-Jonah sexually assaulted a six-year-old boy after promising to take him sledding. A few years later he planned to murder two boys in a cemetery, but the boys became suspicious and got away. At 17 years of age, Bar-Jonah pled guilty after being arrested for dressing as a policeman and beating and choking an eight-year-old boy who he ordered into his car. After the beating, the child recognized Brown who was working at a local McDonalds and he was arrested, charged and convicted. Bar-Jonah received a year of probation for the crime. Kidnapping and Attempted Murder Three years later, Bar-Jonah dressed as a policeman again and kidnapped two boys, made them undress and then began strangling them. One of the boys was able to escape and contact the police. Authorities arrested Brown and the other child was located, handcuffed inside his trunk. Bar-Jonah was charged with attempted murder and received a 20-year prison sentence. Sick Thoughts While incarcerated Bar-Jonah shared some of his fantasies of murder, dissection, and cannibalism with his psychiatrist who made the decision in 1979 to commit Bar-Jonah to the Bridgewater State Hospital for Sexual Predators. Bar-Jonah remained at the hospital until 1991, when Superior Court Judge Walter E. Steele decided that the state had failed to prove he was dangerous. Bar-Jonah left the institution with a promise from his family to the court that they would be moving to Montana. Massachusetts Sends the Problem to Montana Bar-Jonah attacked another boy three weeks after his release and was arrested on assault charges, but managed to be released without bail. A deal was made that required that Bar-Jonah join his family in Montana. He also received two years probation. Bar-Jonah kept his word and left Massachusetts. Once in Montana, Bar-Jonah met with his probation officer and disclosed some of his past crimes. A request was made to the Massachusetts probation office to send more records regarding Bar-Jonah’s history and psychiatric past, but no additional records were sent. Bar-Jonah managed to stay away from police until 1999 when he was arrested near an elementary school in Great Falls, Montana, dressed as a policeman and carrying a stun gun and pepper spray. Authorities searched his home and found thousands of pictures of boys and a list of boys names who were from Massachusetts and Great Falls. Police also uncovered encrypted writings, decoded by the FBI, that included statements such as little boy stew, little boy pot pies and lunch is served on the patio with roasted child. Authorities concluded that Bar-Jonah was responsible for the 1996 disappearance of 10-year-old Zachary Ramsay who vanished on his way to school. It was believed that he kidnapped and murdered the child then cut up his body for stews and hamburgers that he served to unsuspecting neighbors at a cookout. In July 2000, Bar-Jonah was charged with Zachary Ramsay’s murder and for kidnapping and sexually assaulting three other boys who lived above him in an apartment complex. The charges involving Ramsay were dropped after the boys mother said she did not believe Bar-Jonah killed her son. For the other charges, Bar-Jonah was sentenced to 130 years in prison for sexually assaulting one boy and torturing another by suspending him from a kitchen ceiling. In December  2004, the Montana Supreme Court turned down Bar-Jonah’s appeals and upheld the conviction and 130-year prison sentence. On April 13, 2008, Nathaniel Bar-Jonah was found dead in his prison cell. It was decided that the death was a result of his poor health (he weighed over 300 pounds) and the cause of death was listed as myocardial infarction (heart attack).

Aimee Semple Mcpherson Essay - 788 Words

Nicole Russell 9th Grade Academic Writing Expository Essay 1/3/12 Aimee Semple McPherson, also known as Sister Aimee, was an American-Canadian evangelist, and a celebrity in the media networks. She founded a church called Four Square Church. She has been known for using modern media, especially the radio. She was a strong and powerful woman who led many to Christ. Aimee was so loving and caring through her ministry, that God would use her to share with others, the story of Jesus Christ. Aimee as a child was able to get a first look at religion at a young age, which helped her out in later years. Aimee was born on October 9th, 1890 in Salford, Ontario, Canada, her father and mother, James and Mildred Kennedy, were loving and†¦show more content†¦McPherson spoke in tongues but rarely indicated it. She was known as a faith healer and there were claims of physical healing during her meetings, which brought her even more fame. By 1917, she started her own magazine, The Bridal Call, in the magazine she wrote many articles about women’s roles in religion, she portrayed the link between Christians and Jesus is like a marriage bond. The battle between fundamentalists and modernists escalated after World War I, with many modernists seeking less conservative faiths. She developed a strong church, the Foursquare Church, which blends contemporary culture with religious teachings. Aimee Semple McPherson’s faith healing demonstrations were written about a lo t in the newspapers. Overtime though, she tried to take out the faith healing demonstrations because it was overwhelming the other parts of her ministry. Scheduled healing sessions were still held and many thousands have been claimed saved. McPherson’s career started taking the wrong turn, she was receiving many death threats, and she almost got kidnapped. On May 18, 1926, McPherson went with her secretary to Ocean Park Beach north of Venice Beach to swim. Soon after arriving she disappeared and they thought she drowned, so many people decided to swim to find her, no one could. After many months of searching, Aimee’s mom got a letter asking for half of a million dollars, or else the kidnappers would sell her into slavery. A few months later AimeeShow MoreRelatedAimee Semple Mcpherson591 Words   |  3 PagesAimee Book Report Percentage of reading: 100% Aimee Semple McPherson is the founder of the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel and also known as the Foursquare Denomination. She was born in Canada on a small farm and had an encounter with the Lord that changed her life forever. She was born and raised in a Christian family, but at a young age had an encounter with the Lord that had her desiring to be as intimate as possible in a relationship with Him. FromRead MoreAmericas Political and Social Attitudes During the 1920s Essay1129 Words   |  5 Pagesand probably one of the most famous was Sister Aimee Semple McPherson. Sister Aimee was head of the Four square gospel alliance and she often led services of over five thousand people dressed as an angel and beating time to the hymns on a tambourine. Sister Aimee used the frenzy created during her sermons to make the incurable think they were cured and walk out of wheelchairs and leave crutches behind. Sister Aimee became a millionaire from collections taken duringRead MoreThe American Evangelical Story By Douglas Sweeney And American Apocalypse Essay1492 Words   |  6 PagesPastor Cassidy - without naming Trump - spoke of the importance of new, fiscally aware presidency that had God at the core of ‘its’ policy making. It also makes me reflect back on some of the influential evangelists such as Billy Sunday and Aimee Semple McPherson, and that the message remains the same, yet the sets and designs are much more savvy. 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Enterprise System in Practice

Question: Discuss about the Enterprise System in Practice. Answer: Introduction: Nike, the globally acknowledged brand for its sports shoe has recently undergone several changes within their business implementation. At the initial level the company has undergone changes through the implementation of ERP process. That led to the drastic downfall of the company. It was under this scenario, Nike realised their mistake and started taking up necessary actions in revising their ERP system. ERP stands for Enterprise Resource Planning. ERP is the software dedicated for management purposes of the organization wherever it is installed(Ford King 2015). Through the ERP software, the organization can integrate all the course of action within its organization. The line of integration includes planning of the company, development of the strategies, manufacturing of the products, marketing of the same to reach out to the global customer. This report has been divided into three segments whereby the first segment tries to find out the problem faced by Nike, the need for OPM3 process and the way in which this OPM3 process may help Nike and any other organization from future disaster. The second part focuses on the role of PMO and the way in which this PMO can be implemented within the ERP procedure. The importance of teamwork and training in ERP procedure has also been shown here. The third and the final segment discusses on the rationale behind the outsource processing of ERP system by Nike and the recommendations which might help other organizations as well. The report ends with a synopsis of the entire findings. Background of the Problem: According to the case study, it has been seen that the global brand Nike back in the year 1998 was having 27 order management system which were highly customised according to the companys need. The company was facing problem in managing the 27 different systems and under this background that made them implement a single unit system of ERP. The demand forecasting and supply chain management has been introduced in the company. The main aim of the demand forecasting software is to analyze the possible future demand of the organization (Wisner, Tan Leong 2014). The problem faced by Nike is that the software was unable to integrate and synchronize and led to wrong prediction. Due to a wrong prediction the shoes, which were least demanded were kept in stock whereas the ones, which were in high demand, ran out of stock. OPM3 Theoretical Background: OPM3 stands for Organizational Project Management Maturity Model. Through this model, the organization tries to predict the capability of any firms, business units or organizations capability to implement certain system of management within their domain and the expected success that it may bring (Silva et al. 2015). Long back in 1998, many strategy makers throughout the world came together with the initiative to form a theory that can help in understanding the ways in which strategies within the organization works in enhancing the outcome of the same. The theory was first established and published in 2002. Through the theory the experts from global arena tried to unleash the real power of OPM3 model in interpreting the ways in which the strategies taken up by an organization can deliver successful product (Mohapatra Choudhury 2016). Nike in implementing organizational project readiness framework: After the drastic fall in implementation process of ERP, Nike has sincerely tried to find out the loopholes within its system. It has been found that the organization did not have any proper pre-screening within its system through which it can identify its capability in becoming successful with that strategy(Mohapatra Choudhury 2016). The project readiness framework of an organization tries to find out the existing condition, the existing skills of the employees and the employee base of the organization. It also focuses on the environment, relationship and the integrating procedure of the organization(Stadtler 2015). Usually within any organization, the success of implementation of any strategy depends on several factors. Initially, the organization needs to identify the factors like the external and the internal resources available within the organization that can lead to the sustainability of the system that is going to be implemented. This report, earlier the OPM3 model has been discussed and now the ways in which OPM3 might have helped Nike in their business is been seen. How OPM3 model could helped: Implementation of OPM3 model could have helped Nike in the following ways as shown below: Initially, the OPM3 model could have helped Nike in identifying the existing loopholes of the organization, which may cause Nike to suffer a loss. Also, if this OMP3 process is implemented in any organization in future, then they are expected to benefit from it by knowing their organizations present loop holes (Christoph Albrecht Spang 2014). OPM3 can help Nike to choose the right project and the appropriate strategies that can help in reaching the target. Any other organization implementing this strategy can help in accessing the system that can be used within their existing background. If any organization is determined to implement the ERP system, then through the project readiness framework the company can access and identify the things that the company needs to rectify in order to be successful in ERP process. It can help the organization to take better decisions, realize the benefits of the ERP system. Hence, Nike and other organizations is expected to reap the benefit of the readiness framework in future. OPM3 model could have identified the facts that Nike does not have the capacity to properly implement the ERP strategies and the fact that the system might not be applicable to identify the demand of the existing customer base (Nenni et al. 2014). In addition, by using the OMP3 model, Nike could have identified the flaws existing in their supply chain management and thereby it would have saved the company from the excess supply and thereby the loss it had to incur to clear out the excess supply(Christopher 2016). Role of PMO in ERP implementation: PMO stands for Project Management Office, is the department within an established organization, which has the duty to manage the workings of different projects taken up by the organization(Hill 2013). The duty of the project management office is to maintain the standard of the projects. It also has the duty to execute the project properly and provide guidance to the organization. In addition, the department of PMO has all the sources and documentations of the ERP system that can help the company to run successfully(Morris 2013). In order to be successful n implementation of ERP, the department of the management organization usually appoints a project manager. The project manager should be flexible and quick in taking up all the decisions required for the success of the system (Kerzner 2013). The process of ERP is very complicated. The project managers are responsible for handling the entire network of ERP system whereby he needs to take care of his entire team as well as co-ordinate with the organization. The PMO department has various other roles, they are finding out the different information available within the market that can help and provide direction in which the project is going to run. Highlighting the methodology involved within a project is the primary duty of this department (Schwalbe 2015). On other hand, this department also tries to find out the ways in which the employees involved within the projects should be trained. The ERP is very complicated software that requires exhaustive training. Pr ovision of training is not the end of any project. The PMO group also has the duty to look into the ways in which this training has benefitted the organization (Gido Clements 2014). In addition, checking the progress of the employees through constant evaluation is mandatory role of PMO. Other than looking after the workings of the ERP system within the organization, the PMO has been bestowed with the duty of keeping a track on the workings of the competing industries through which the indigenous company can remain ahead of competition (Martinelli Milosevic 2016). In case of Nike, the company had faced problem in their engineering system of the ERP. The software malfunctioned and as a result, the supply chain was corrupted. There has been lack of synchronization between the demand prediction and the supply chain of Nike that resulted in the mismatch and the tragedy of the company. Training and Teamwork: After the disastrous event of Nike, the company had been engaged in findings their flaws and then they got involved into blame game with the vendors who provided them. However, the company was fast enough to realise, rectify their mistakes, and implement the revised system. In this part of the report, the importance of training and teamwork has been shown here. As already stated the ERP process is too complicated hence, whenever Nike or any other company is implementing this system within their organization, they need to thoroughly need to build up a proper team who would be responsible for carrying out the operation (Gibson 2016). After formation of the team, there is need to train them according to the requirement of the company. Henceforth, these two concept have been discussed here. Teamwork: The success of any organization depends on the coordination of the team. A team, which is well co-ordinated, gives better performance than a team who lacks in coordination. In case of ERP, there are several segments within the system. Hence, there is need to form different teams for different segments. There should be different segments within a team, the segments include Administrative committee, Steering committee, the sponsors, team leader and the team members (Venable 2013). But as all the segments are inter-related and the amalgamation of all these segments makes up the entire process hence, all the different teams should be in synchrony with one another. In order to make the process of ERP successful, the project management office should try to establish these few points within their team: Effective Communication: Communication is an integral part of any organization. The teams must have a good communication skill amongst themselves. Since, ERP process involves integrating the entire system through software, therefore there is a need to use the software which can build up a good communication (Mohapatra Choudhury 2016). Information sharing: The players within the team should be able to share the information between the other members and his should be done efficiently so that no members lacks in information. Reliability: The software used within the system of ERP should be able to work in highly efficient ways that provides reliable outcomes. If the any part of the entire ERP system does not work efficiently, it is going to entirely corrupt the system and lead to downfall of the organization (Totla, Mandot Gaur 2016). Flexibility: Any software that cannot be amended timely is useless for any organization. Hence, the selection of software within the ERP should be such that it can incorporate future changes that may come up during the course of operation(Alcivar Abad 2016). Problem solving techniques: The main objective of the teamwork is to collaborate amongst the team members and try to find out the techniques through which the existing problems can be solved. Training: Training is another important component for implementation of ERP. The complexity within the system makes it impossible to handle without a proper training and guidance. There is need for a separate group of people to handle the entire ERP system within the organization. They should be highly skilled n handling the computers and a pro in learning the workings of the software (Lu, Wayland Kaan 2015). The training plan should incorporate few tips given as follows: The training should be such that the employees can incorporate changes within their organization as per requirement. All the employees engaged with ERP system should be provided an initial basic knowledge about the system and then they should be trained according to their segments, which they are handling within the system. Key rationale to outsource ERP The case study suggests that Nike had opted for implementation of ERP by using the help of third party vendor. In other word, Nike has allowed outsourcing within their organization while implementing ERP. After its drawback at the initial stage, Nike blamed that the third party had not provide enough training to its employees and that led to the crash of the system. On other hand, the company blamed Nike for not abiding by the methodologies and guidelines provided by them. This blame game yields no result but had adverse effect on both the company. Even after this situation, it has been observed that the companies have outsourcing the ERP system (Reim 2015). The rationales behind such outsourcing are as follows: Agility of the market: Through the process of outsourcing the company can get service at a lessened time. Technical benefit: Since ERP system is very much dependent on IT segment, therefore through outsourcing it can hire the best possible vendor who masters in it and provides innovative, cutting-edge solutions (Roses 2013). Multiple feedback: An organization also chooses to implement ERP provided by 3rd party vendor as it can give the organization a global view point to the business. Economical efficiency: Outsourcing also reduces the running cost of implementation of the company and decreases the operational and maintenance cost. Conclusion Recommendation: This project highlights few important points that should be considered for the betterment of any organization planning to implement ERP within their operational system. First and foremost, the loss of Nike has given the world a great example of what may happen in case of technical glitches and improper implementation of ERP. Nike, being globally renowned brand was able to cope up and sustain in the market after learning from their own flaws. Hence, through this report it has been learnt that there is need to access the companys condition through any project readiness framework. This report talked about the ways in which the model of OPM3 could have helped the Nike in this respect. Along with it, the need for a PMO within the organization has been highlighted. Within the PMO, the importance of teamwork and proper training facility has been discussed. It has been observed that a good team with proper co-ordination can always yield better outcome and can resist the problems face by the organization, thereby guiding them towards the growth path. This report also highlights the benefits of using ERP from third party vendor through the process of outsourcing. All these clearly points out the fact that there is need for ERP system within an organization with diverse range of work. Hence, it can be recommended that any company planning to implement this system for the first time must go through a prior screening procedure whereby the capability of the existing system should be accessed. If the existing system of the organization does not support the necessary conditions required for implementing ERP, the company must upgrade its system. The company should also focus on setting up a proper segment, which should be responsible for setting up, training and managing the team of experts. With proper care and pre-caution if any company sets up ERP and keeps on upgrading according to the external environment, then it is surely going to succeed. References: Alcivar, I Abad, AG 2016, Design and evaluation of a gamified system for ERP training. Computers in Human Behavior. Christoph Albrecht, J Spang, K 2014, Linking the benefits of project management maturity to project complexity: Insights from a multiple case study. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business. Christopher, M 2016, Logistics supply chain management, Pearson UK. Ford, JD King, D 2015, A framework for examining adaptation readiness. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change. Gibson, A 2016, Preventative measures in implementation strategy. Strategic Finanace. Gido, J Clements, J 2014, Successful project management, Nelson Education. Hill, GM 2013, The complete project management office handbook, CRC Press. Kerzner, H 2013, Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling, John Wiley Sons. Lu, S, Wayland, R Kaan, E 2015, Effects of production training and perception training on lexical tone perceptionA behavioral and ERP study. Brain research. Martinelli, RJ Milosevic, DZ 2016, Project management toolbox: tools and techniques for the practicing project manager, John Wiley Sons. Mohapatra, S Choudhury, A 2016, Readiness Framework for Business Process Re?engineering. Strategic Change. Morris, P 2013, Reconstructing project management reprised: A knowledge perspective. Project Management Journal. Nenni, ME, Arnone, V, Boccardelli, P Napolitano, I 2014, How to increase the value of the project management maturity model as a business-oriented framework. International Journal of Engineering Business Management. Reim, K 2015, Outsourcing Trends and Concerns. Roses, LK 2013, Strategic partnership building in it offshore outsourcing: institutional elements for a banking ERP system licensing. JISTEM-Journal of Information Systems and Technology Management. Schwalbe, K 2015, Information technology project management, Cengage Learning. Silva, D, Tereso, A, Fernandes, G, Loureiro, I Pinto, J 2015, OPM3 Portugal ProjectInformation Systems and Technologies OrganizationsOutcome Analysis. In New Contributions in Information Systems and Technologies, Springer International Publishing. Stadtler, H 2015, Supply chain management: An overview. In Supply chain management and advanced planning, Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Totla, K, Mandot, M Gaur, S 2016, An Insight of Critical Success Factors for ERP Model. Venable, LT 2013, Status of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems' Cost, Schedule, and Management Actions Taken to Address Prior Recommendations. Wisner, JD, Tan, KC Leong, GK 2014, 'Principles of supply chain management: A balanced approach', Cengage Learning.

The Main Causes Of World War One free essay sample

In the World War I there were three main causes. At first, Europeans wanted a balanced power, but then alliances started to form. An assassination happened and soon Europe was at war. However, there are numerous causes of world war that are not commonly known which include; alliance systems, militarism, and imperialism.One of the underlying cause is alliance system. Europeans wanted to become a balanced power, therefore major countries would be equal. Slowly, countries started to divide and two alliances were formed. The triple alliance consists of; Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. However, the triple entente consisted of Russia, United Kingdom, and France. As a result of Italy switching sides in 1915. Therefore, it hurt France and Russia. Then, countries started to blame each other for the war.The second underlying cause is militarism. The navy consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. The army involved Great Britain, Russia, and France. Germany spent 30 million in 1890. We will write a custom essay sample on The Main Causes Of World War One or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In 1914 Germany spent 110 million. However, Austria-Hungary spent 100 million and in 1914 they spent 38 million. Therefore, Russia, France, and Great Britain had spent money to buy weapons. In 1890 Great Britain spent 35 million, Russia spent 30 million, and France spent 38 million. Because the was still going on in 1914 Great Britain spent 68 million, Russia spent 90 million, and France spent 58 million. Germany said they would hammer Europe.The most important underlying cause is imperialism. Britain is trying to take over Germany’s sea. The Germans do not need to worry about Britain taking over the sea because they spent a lot of money on it. However, Britain had the biggest area of 12,740,000 miles. Also, Britain had the most population of colonies. Britain had 400,000,00 colonies. Some ways Britain got the population was workers, fighters, and natural resources. Without imperialism you do not need military and alliances.The causes of world war I were; alliance systems, militarism, and imperialism. Imperialism was the deepest of these. There were numerous causes of world war I that are not commonly known, but there are only three main underlying causes.